Effect of different soil types on the dynamic changes of starch accumulation and enzymes activities involved in ZM 9023 kernel starch synthesis

中国人. 在池栽条件下，研究灰潮土、水稻土、砂姜黑土对强筋小麦郑麦9023籽粒灌浆过程中淀粉及其组分积累动态和腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（AGPP）、尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（UGPP）、可溶性淀粉合成酶（SSS）、淀粉粒结合淀粉合成酶（GBSS）、淀粉分支酶（SBE）5个与淀粉合成有关的酶活性变化的影响。试验采用双波长法测定了籽粒中淀粉及其组分含量的变化动态，参照Douglus等的方法测定AGPP、UGPP酶活性，以及SSS、GBSS、SBE酶活性。不同类型土壤上籽粒灌浆过程中支链淀粉的合成是与直链淀粉的合成同时进行的，而且灌浆中后期支链淀粉的合成要比直链淀粉的合成快。灰潮土上籽粒中支链淀粉和总淀粉积累速率均显著高于其它两种类型土壤。籽粒中AGPP、UGPP、SSS、GBSS、SBE活性均呈单峰曲线变化，AGPP、UGPP、SSS、SBE花后18 d达到峰值，而GBSS则在花后24 d达到峰值。AGPP、SSS、SBE峰值表现为灰潮土＞水稻土＞砂姜黑土，UGPP峰值表现为灰潮土＞砂姜黑土＞水稻土，GBSS峰值则表现为水稻土＞灰潮土＞砂姜黑土。灰潮土和水稻土有利于强筋小麦籽粒中淀粉的积累。灰潮土、水稻土和砂姜黑土上强筋小麦籽粒中AGPP、UGPP、SSS、SBE活性与籽粒支链淀粉的合成密切相关。

英语. The study looked at the effect of three different soil types(gray damp soil,rice soil, Shajiang black soil) on the dynamic changes of starch accumulation and activities of five enzymes AGPP (ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase), UGPP (UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase),SSS (soluble starch synthase),GBSS (granule-bound starch synthase) and SBE (starch branching enzyme). Starch synthesis was studied during grain filling of strong gluten wheat ZM 9023 in condition of pond culture. Content of starch and its component was measured according to the method of double-wave length. AGPP and UGPP activities were tested according to the method described by Douglas et al. SSS, GBSS and SBE activities were tested according to the method described by Nakamura et al. The results indicated that the amylopectin synthesis was synchronous with as the amylose synthesis, and the amylopectin synthesized faster than the amylose during the medium to later grain filling. The accumulating rates of amylopectin and starch in the kernel of gray damp soil were higher than that of other two soil types. The changes of five enzymes activities all came to be a single-peak curve, the peaks of AGPP, UGPP, SSS and SBE appeared in 18 d after anthesis, but the peak of GBSS appeared in 24 d after anthesis. The peaks of AGPP、SSS and SBE showed that “ gray damp soil rice soil Shajiang black soil ”, the peak of UGPP showed that “ gray damp soil Shajiang black soil rice soil. ”The peak of GBSS indicated that “ rice soil gray damp soil Shajiang black soil ”. Gray damp soil and rice soil could help strong gluten wheat to synthesize starch. Correlation analysis showed that the activities of AGPP, UGPP, SSS, SBE in the kernel might be closely correlated with the amylopectin synthesis of strong gluten wheat in the gray damp soil, rice soil and Shajiang black soil.