Comparative biometry, histology and histochemistry of the pituitary gland of laying and molting native and commercial hens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.)
2005
Runas, J. M.
Sixty pituitary glands from 10 laying and 10 molting native hens and 20 laying and 20 molting commercial hens were collected, processed for gross measurements and histological and histochemical combinations and compared. Results showed no significant correlation between the live weight of bird and the weight and size of pituitary gland. There was significant correlation between weight and size of pituitary gland in commercially laying hens only. Other inmportant findings included absence of pars intermedia; presence of concavity containing the hypophyseal branch of internal carotid artery and a projecting cord of endocrine cells in the ventrocaudal part of pars distalis; division of pars distalis into cephalic basophilic and caudal acidophilic zones, very narrow pars tuberalis; inner and outer layers of the wall of median eminence and infundibular stalk; and transversely oriented bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibers in the infundibular process. Three types of endocrine cells were identified histochemically: acidophils, basophils and chromophobes in pars distalis and acidophils and basophils in pars tuberalis. It is concluded that the live weight of chickens was not significantly correlated to the weight and size of pituitary gland and that the morphology and histochemistry of the gland were basically similar in native and commercial ones.
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