Embryology of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana Gaertn.)
2006
Winiarczyk, K.,Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej, Lublin (Poland). Zaklad Anatomii i Cytologii Roslin | Calka, A.,Polska Akademia Nauk, Lublin (Poland). Inst. Agrofizyki
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is propagated by root cuttings. And although it flowers, seeds are rarely formed. In order to determine barriers that make sexual reproduction impossible studies on the flowering and fertilization were under taken. During anthesis stage horseradish produced one-nucellus microspores. The mature embryo sac, typical of Brassicaceae, built of seven cells (egg apparatus, central cell and three-celled antipodes) was not observed. Embryo sacs were filled with a lot of starch grains. Very few double-cell pollen grains were able to germinate into pollen tube and achieve fertilization. Horseradish formed fruits but they were generally filled with degenerated ovules. Moreover, some properly formed embryos were noticed but the level of seedling was extremely low (3 percent)
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