Effects of year and fertilization on variability in yield forming elements and yield of maize grains
2003
Zembery, J.,Slovenska polnohospodarska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic), Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic | Molnarova, J.
Field polyfactor trials with grain maize were conducted in a period covering 1995-1997. They were established at the Slovak Agricultural University's experimental station in Dolna Malanta belonging to maize-growing areas. Three fertilization treatments - non fertilized control (O), application of mineral fertilizers (PH), ploughing in harvest remains + mineral fertilizers (PZ) were studied in three diametrically different years. Results showed that year had the statistically highly significant influence on all of the observed yield forming elements (a number of plants per ha, a number of cobs per ha, a number of cobs per plant, a number of grains per cob, thousand-seed weight = TSW) and grain yield. Fertilization affected statistically significantly only the numbers of plants and cobs per ha, and statistically significant differences were also observed for the interactive year - fertilization relationship. Variability in the number of plants affected by year was in a range of 171.2 to 181.8%. There were greater differences in the number of cobs per ha, with the variability between 199.3% and 202.5%. Among the most ecologically stable yield forming elements were the number of grains per cob with a 109.8-113% variability and TSW with a variability of 127.4 to 136.4%. The most expressive variability due to year was found in grain yield, ranging from 239.9 to 267.7%. The highest average yield of maize kernel throughout 3 years as well as the lowest variability of 239.9% owing to year was noted for treatment PZ.
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