Benthic fauna and water quality in the Chao Phraya river, Thailand
2000
Monchan Maketon(Kasetsart University. Bangkhen Campus, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Science. Department of Zoology) | Rachadaporn Kittiworachet(Department of Fisheries, Bangkok (Thailand). Division of Fisheries Environment. Ecology Group) | Charuwan Somsiri(Office of Atomic Energy for Peace, Bangkok (Thailand). Division of Isotope Production) | Tippanan Ngamprayad(Office of Atomic Energy for Peace, Bangkok (Thailand). Division of Isotope Production)
Abundance and diversity of benthos were monitored at 14 sites along the length of the Chao Praya River from January to December 1997. Forty six families were recorded in four phyla, namely the annelida, mollusca, Arthropoda and Chordata. The greatest number of families was twentyfour at the estuary, and the least number was five, at Amphoe Muang Singhaburi Singhaburi, Province. The peak density of all organisms was 6736/square m at Khet Phrakanong, Bangkok, during the rainy season. The lowest recorded density was 66/square m at Amphoe Muang Singhaburi Singhaburi, Province, and the average density across all sites was 1441/square m. The dominant group generally was the Annelida, especially the family Naididae. The highest indices of species diversity and evenness index were 2.08 and 0.79, respectively, at Amphoe Muang Pra Nakhon Sri Ayuthaya, Pra Nakhon Sri Ayuthaya Province, and the lowest values were 0.12 and 0.05, respectively, at Khet Phrakanong, Bangkok. These indices showed tendencies to indicate water quality in this study when considered concurrently with some others environmental factors. Water qualities were studied in many parameters. All BOD values from the upstream, middle and downstream were higher than Water quality standard value of class 2, class 3, and class 4 respectively, while most parameters were still in the range of water quality standard class 3. The calculated water quality index (WQI) was relatively high because Fecal-coliform bacteria (FCB) value was not included in the calculation. The indices indicated that the water qualities in the upstream and the middle were very good to fair instead of fair to poor, but the downstream qualities were poor at all sites.
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