[Development of landed property forms]
2007
Bondarchuk, V.F. | Zhilinskij, N.A. | Lagodich, L.V. | Zaprudskaya, T.A. | Gerdij, V.N.,National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Economics, Minsk (Belarus). Centre of Agricultural Economics
World experience of landed property and land use shows, that land attitudes in the countries with market economy are built both on the right state, and a private property. The greatest distribution the private property has received in such developed capitalist countries as the Great Britain, France, Italy, etc. In Switzerland, for example, in a state ownership is 2,4% of a total are of agricultural lands, in Germany - less than 5%. However character of ownership forms on the land is not a solving condition of efficiency of agriculture. Besides in some countries the high relative density of the rented grounds is observed. The land legislation in foreign countries basically is built on the right of a private property guaranteed by basic laws of these countries. The right of a private property defines free possession, using and the order by own lands, assignment of the income received from them, their delivery in rent and returning to the proprietor, sale, deposit and donation. As positive and negative results of activity carried out by it affect the proprietor all, it is interested in acceptance of the best decisions. Alongside with the basic right of a private property the public rights to the land as on national property are legislatively fixed: the right of the taxation to the real estate; the right of the state to alienate a private property in interests of a society; regulation of use of the property by means of the state bodies with a view of observance of a public order; transfer to a state ownership of lands areas which have remained without successors. The Republic of Belarus cannot unreasonably copy experience of other countries in the field of development of ownership forms on the land. In those economic conditions of our country, it is important, that the markets of all resources work. At the present stage of reforms wide development of long-term rent of land with the subsequent transition to its mortgage and other elements of a market turn is the basic direction of land transformations. The question about the state and private ownership forms on the land will stand on the agenda during long time. However it is necessary to accept a new edition of the Land Code of Belarus. Belarusian legislation gradually will start to use new legal designs and will be released from unjustified influence of outdated views on the landed property
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