Balanced Fertilization of Micronutrient Elements on Wheat under Saline Condition

In order to study effects of micronutrient (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) on quantity and quality of wheat in saline condition (EC of irrigation water more than 5 dS/m) a comprehensive trial was carried out on wheat farms covering Qom, Khorasan, Yazd, Tehran-Varamin, Eastazarbaijan, Westazarbaijan, Kerman, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Illam ,and SystanandBaluchestan provinces of the country. The trial was involved about 12 wheat farms and repeated for three years (19992002). The experiment had four treatments (without micronutrient, equal of recommendation in nons aline condition , 50% more than of recommendation in nonsaline condition and 50% less than of recommendation in nonsaline condition) with three replications in each selected plot in a completely randomized block design. Prevailing wheat varieties were used in each region. Results ofthe experiment revealed the following findings: Fe experiment: effects of soil application of iron sequastrine and iron sulfate on the yield of straw and grain were non-significant in most provinces. But soil application of iron sulfate with foliar application of it on the yield of straw, grain, 1000 grain weight, length of the head and number of grain in head of Kavir verity of wheat was significant. 10 kglha of iron sequastrine increased Fe, Zn, and Mn content of grain significantly but application of more than 10 kg/ha iron sequastrine reduced it. Iron sequastrine reduced Cu content of grain. Application of iron sulfate increased Fe content of grain and reduced Zn and Mn contant of grain significantly. Soil application of iron sulfate with foliar application had the trend of above. Iron application increased N content and reduced CL. Effect of iron sequastrine on the Fe extractable with DTPA after harvesting was significant. Zn experiment: Yield grain and straw of wheat increased significantly by Zinc sulfate when the Zn content of soil was less than 0.6 mglkg. Soil and foliar application of Zinc sulfate increased yield grain of wheat. Soil application of Zinc sulfate increased 1000-grain weight but on the another partial of yield didn't have this trend. Trend of Zn content of grain by application of Zinc sulfate was increasingly but this trend in some regions was significantly. Trend of Fe content of grain was increasingly by application of Zinc sulfate but in straw was reducibly. Application of Zinc sulfate increased N content of wheat grain. Effect of Zinc sulfate on the Zn extractable with DTP A after harvesting was significant. Mn experiment: Yield grain and straw of wheat increased significantly by Mn sulfate when the Mn content of soil was less than 4.5 mg/kg but treatments was nonsignificant. Soil and foliar application of Mn sulfate increased yield of wheat significantly and had significant effect on number of wheat head in m2, 1000 seed weight, length of head and number of grain in head .Soil application of Mn sulfate didn't have the effect of mention above. Soil application ofMn sulfate decreased Fe content of grain and straw but increased Zn and Mn content. Soil and foliar application of Mn sulfate didn't have significant effect on Fe and Mn content of grain and straw of wheat but increased Zn and Cu content of grain and straw significantly. Effect of Mn sulfate on the Mn extractable with DTP A after harvesting was non-significant. Cu experiment: Yield grain and straw of wheat increased significantly by copper sulfate when the Cu content of soil was less than 0.5 mg/kg. Effect of soil application of copper sulfate on t~le Cu content of grain was significant but on Fe, Zn and Mn content of grain was non-significant and reduced CL content of grain significantly. Effect of copper sulfate on the Cu extractable with DTP A after harvesting was significant.