The visualization technique of intranuclear genome dynamics in Mammalian cells and its application
2007
Okumura, K.(Mie Univ., Tsu (Japan))
Recent advances in the clone technique based on the nuclear transfer in the fields of animal production and regenerative medicine demonstrate that a nucleus has all the information for the mammalian development. The huge mass of DNA molecules forms chromatin and is packed into the nucleus. The fundamental intranuclear events such as DNA replication, transcription, and repair proceed dynamically under the strict regulation and the disruption of these processes drives cells to mutation, malignancy, and death. In this review, methods based on visualization of single copy DNA/RNA molecules under the fluorescence microscope to solve the mysterious processes in the nucleus are described. Advanced methods using fluorescence in situ hybridization and the overview of their applications covering the analysis of DNA replication timing, replication forks, gene transcription, and the role of the nuclear matrix in the nuclear processes are mentioned.
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