Characteristics of exhaust gas emission during dual-fuel operation with biogas
2008
Tsukamoto, T.(Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan)) | Jaber, N. | Wakabayashi, S. | Noguchi, N.
Biogas generated from the digestion of organic wastes has been regarded as a potential fuel for various applications, many of them involving engines. This research studies the effect of feeding biogas into the intake manifold of a single cylinder diesel engine, concentrating on the emissions. In fact, a four (4) kW single cylinder diesel engine with 0.309 L displacement was run on diesel alone, and then fed three biogas rates (5, 10 and 15 L/min) with three different methane concentrations of approximately 100%, 60% and 45%. The concentrations of nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in exhaust gas were measured while smoke wAS estimated using an opacity meter. The effect of adding pure methane (100%) into the engine conformed to studies dealing with CNG-diesel engines. Decreased smoke and nitrogen oxides emissions were indeed observed along an increase in carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. In terms of emissions, the biogas injection into the engine caused higher unburned hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide levels in exhaust gases; it also reduced nitrogen oxides and smoke. Due to the higher hydrogen concentration in methane as compared to diesel, the carbon dioxide emission was slightly decreased. Interestingly, since the carbon dioxide resulting from methane burning recycles into the biomass, the greenhouse warming effect of engine operation is reduced by more than half. This research proved that biogas injection into diesel engine not only reduces diesel consumption, but also limits environment pollution by decreasing greenhouse gases.
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