Role of HIV Vpr as a Regulator of Apoptosis and an Effector on Bystander Cells
2006
Moon, H.S. (Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea) | Yang, J.S. (Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea), E-mail: [email protected]
The major event in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is the death of many cells related to host immune response. The demise of these cells is normally explained by cell suicide mechanism, apoptosis. Interestingly, the decrease in the number of immune cells, such as non-CD4+ cells as well as CD4+ T cells, in HIV infection usually occurs in uninfected bystander cells, not in directly infected cells. It has, therefore, been suggested that several soluble factors, including viral protein R (Vpr), are released from the infected cells and induce the death of bystander cells.
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