Characterization of red rice (Oryza sativa) varieties developed under on-farm dynamic management on Bohol, Philippines
2005
Bertuso, A.R. (Southeast Asia Regional Initiatives for Community Empowerment, uezon City (Philippines)) | van Treuren, R. | van Eeuwijk, F.A. | Visser, L.
On Bohol ( Philippines), farmers grow local rice varieties that have originated from modern varieties. Clear differences in phenotypic traits, in particular pericarp colour, exist between these local varieties and the original modern varieties. To investigate the level of genetic differentiation and to obtain further insight into the origin of the colour variation, four varieties with red pericarp ('36puwa', '66puwa', '77puwa' and 'RC18sel') were compared with their putative progenitors (IR36, IR66, RC10 and RC18) by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting, formal morphological characterization and farmers' classification. Compared with the analyzed modern varieties, substantially higher levels of AFLP variation were detected within the red rice varieties, which was most pronounced for '36puwa' and '66puwa'. The increased levels of variation indicated that the red pericarp was more likely the result of gene introgression, rather than of mutations within the putative progenitors. A scaling plot summarizing the AFLP data positioned '36puwa' and '66puwa' close to their putative progenitors IR36 and IR66, whereas '77puwa' and 'RC18sel' were found to be more remote from their putative progenitors RC10 and RC18. A scaling plot based on morphological data positioned the majority of varieties in a configuration similar to the AFLPs, indicating concordance between these two data sets. Farmers' observations were largely in line with AFLP and morphological data for the relative distances found within red-white pairs, but deviated for the overall configuration in which the varieties were placed. Variation in selection regimes employed by the local farmers probably underlaid the variation in genetic differentiation within the four pairs of varieties
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