Effect of soil surface conditions, sowingdepth and amount of simulated rainfall on water concentration and wheat growth in a glass house
2007
Abdalla, O.A., University of Khartoum, Shambat (Sudan). Faculty of Agriculture, Dept of Agricultural Engineering | Dahab, M.H., University of Khartoum, Shambat (Sudan). Faculty of Agriculture, Dept of Agricultural Engineering | Saeed, A.B., University of Khartoum, Shambat (Sudan). Faculty of Agriculture, Dept of Agricultural Engineering
An experiment was conducted in the glass house of Cranfield University, Silsoe College, England, to evaluate the germination and establishment of wheat crop under different soil surface conditions (flat surface, loose soil with ridge/furrow, compact ridge/furrow and plastic covered ridges/furrow) with three simulated rainfall levels (2.5 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm) and two sowing depths (20 mm and 35 mm). A split-split plot design was used, with 24 treatments replicated three times. The sides of the ridges in the compacted ridge/furrow treatments were compacted with a concrete press wheel (37 kg in weight) to help water runoff into furrows. Plastic sheets on top and sides of the ridges were used on the plastic covered ridge/furrow treatments to help also in water runoff into furrow bottoms. The wetting fronts advanced deeper and higher rates of seed germination were observed from the plastic covered ridges followed by the compacted ridge/furrow treatment then the loose ridge/furrow, while the flat surface treatment recorded the least number of germinated seeds. Significant differences were found between the treatments (P 2: 0.01.). Depth of sowing had no significant effect on seed germination, but the 35 mm sowing was better than the 20 mm. The amount of simulated rainfall level had a significant effect on seed germination. The highest amount of simulated rainfall (l0 mm) had the highest number of germinated seeds in all treatments. Highly significant (P=O.Ol) differences were obtained between treatments
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