Longevity of lasting specific immunity after primary vaccination against rabies - comparison of ELISA and FAVN tests | Trajanje specificne imunosti po primarnem cepljenju proti steklini - primerjava testov ELISA in FAVN
2006
Stantic-Pavlinic, M., Ljubljana Univ. (Slovenia). Veterinary Fac. | Levicnik-Stezinar, S. | Zaletel-Kragelj, L. | Hostnik, P.
The purpose of the study was to monitor the efficacy of primary vaccination against rabies and the need for booster doses. These studies validate at the same time the recent technological improvements in laboratory diagnostics of the level of rabies protection in human sera. Study was done at the level of antibodies considering that an antibody titer /- 0.5 IU/ml is protective. We used Platelia rabies ELISA kit (BIO-RAD Laboratories) for the detection of rabies anti-glycoprotein antibodies in 41 human sera of previously healthy veterinarian students. Neutralising rabies antibodies were measured simultaneously by fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test as well. Subjects entering the study have received 2 to 8 years prior rabies treatment with human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV, Rabivac, Chiron Germany) according to schedule: one vaccine on 1, 7, 21 and 365 day. Mean level of rabies antibody detected by ELISA was 19.6 EU/ml (SD 18.8 minimum 1 maximum 56). Results were higher in the groups vaccinated recently. Nobody had titer /- 0.5 IU/ml either in ELISA or in FAVN test. In the FAVN test, the average titers were higher and reached 54.4 IU/ml (SD 44.3 minimum 0.7 maximum 152.5). An immune-complex-like reaction occurring after administration of the booster doses of rabies vaccine is one of the reasons to reconsideration of the needs for administration of booster rabies vaccines. At the same time, the need for mass protection of subjects exposed to rabies virus professionally is existing worldwide . The results of these studies indicate that HDCV is highly immunogenic in both FAVN test and ELISA tests. High level of protection is lasting in human sera for at least 8 years. Average levels of detected rabies antibodies were lower in ELISA in comparison with FAVN test. Correlation between two tests was found.
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