Changes and threat of grasslands in the north-western part of Protected Lanscape Area-Biosphere Reserve Polana
2004
Uhliarova, E.(Univerzita Mateja Bela, Banska Bystrica (Slovak Republic) | Ujhazy, K.Technical University in Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Faculty of Forestry | Janisova, M.Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava (Slovak Republic). Institute of Botany)
Area of 461 ha of agricultural land (former meadow area) were evaluated from the point of view of vegetation cover and land-use. There were found 341 taxa of vascular plants in all. Twenty five of them belong among threated species of Slovakia. Fifteen types of non-forest biotopes were recorded; six of them are considered to be important EU biotopes of Natura 2000, another six are important on the national level. Especially valuable and unique mountain grasslands forms 29 % of the area. Only 38 % of the area is still occupied by seminatural species-rich stands. However, only 8 % of former meadow stands are mowed up to now. Partly overgrown by woody species is 22 % and spontaneously reforested is 35 % of the area. Decrease of total area of the valuable species-rich grasslands is caused both by insufficient utilisation of whole area accompanied by rapid secondary succession processes and by intensification of other parts as well. It is necessary to set up the nature-close full-area utilisation (mowing, cattle grazing and combinations of both mentioned) to stop this negative trends and preserve/restore the grasslands.
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