Effect of chromium on plant production ability
Lahucky, L.(Slovenska polnohospodarska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic) | Vollmannova, A.Slovenska polnohospodarska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic) | Tomas, J.Slovenska polnohospodarska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic) | Toth, T.Slovenska polnohospodarska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic))
In this paper the relationship between soil forms of chromium and transfer of their compounds into plant organs were studies in the modeled conditions of laboratory vegetation test and vegetation pot experiments. The mobile chromium forms, determined in 2M HNO3 extracts in substrates created 10-22 % of the total chromium content. The Cr6+ compounds contributed to the significant enhanced portion of mobile chromium forms in soils. Those in comparison with Cr3+ compounds enhance the risk of soil contamination by mobile chromium forms. The mobile forms of Cr6+ represented in non-phytotoxic conditions of sand substrate the important input into the barley roots. The root presents the important barrier for transport of the received compounds of chromium into the overground parts. The chromium content in the roots rose with increased content of mobile chromium forms in substrates. The chromium content in aboveground plant parts was influenced by applied chromium forms only to a small extent. The relationship of chromium Cr6+ and Cr3+ in potato roots of potatoes confirmed the preferential receipt of that form, which was applied. The Cr6+ form content after application of polymetalic dust from the metallurgical factory in Istebne (northern part of the Slovak Republic) confirmed the enhanced risk of root vegetables grown under the conditions of above-limit enhanced content of chromium with dominant Cr6+ forms. In the top parts of the potatoes the proportion of Cr6+ and Cr3+ forms was almost the same. The potato bulbs contain only a trace, methodicaly non-differentiable quantity of chromium.
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