Spatial diversity calculation of potential vegetation of Slovakia
2005
Koren, M.
The creation and use of computer models of landscape must be based on the system theory and appropriate mathematical formalization of used terms. Mathematical formalism enables general problem description at the theoretical level, independently from the target computer simulation. From the point of view of scale, indexes of diversity are computed at three levels: area, class, category. Moreover, we have to distinguish indexes of composition and spatial configuration. The most common used indexes of spatial diversity include area density (compactness), boundary density, fractal index, Shannon's indexes (entropy), McIntosh's index of spatial variety and Simpson's indexes. In the phase of processing of cartographic materials GIS tools were used to support manual vectorization, error corrections and cartographic transformation into common coordinate system. The hybrid geographic database was created in Arc/Info GIS. The cardinal GIS contribution was in the field of analysis and partial synthesis. We use tools for thematic layers overlay, diversity indexes computation, visualization, statistical processing and data interpretation. Afterwards data was exported and indexes calculated in MS Excel environment. Results were published in a set of tables. Spatial distribution of diversity indexes was represented in thematic maps. The thematic layer of potential vegetation was created by manual vectorization of analogue maps in the scale l : 200 000 (MICHALKO et. al., 1986). It represents constructional map of climax vegetation communities, which should cover the territory of Slovakia without human influence. The map describes spatial extent of potential vegetation in correspondence with abiotic environment. The map units were selected by ecological and phytosociological criteria.
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