Fatty acid composition and properties of jatropha seed oil and its methyl ester
Pathama Chatakanonda(Kasetsart University. Bangkhen Campus, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agro-Industry. Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute) | Klanarong Sriroth(Kasetsart University. Bangkhen Campus, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agro-Industry. Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute) | Vaysse, Laurent(Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Development (CIRAD)) | Siriluk Liangprayoon(Kasetsart University. Bangkhen Campus, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agro-Industry. Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute)
Jatropha seeds were analyzed for their proximate composition. The dehulled seeds contained lipid as a major component (46.3 percent). The efficiency of oil extraction was examined and the maximum yield of oil (94.6 percent) was obtained by extracting with hexane for 3 hr at room temperature and increasing extraction time did not improve extraction efficiency. The oil fraction predominantly contained 78.4 percent unsaturated fatty acids mainly oleic acid (42.4 percent) and linoleic acid (35.2 percent) and 21.6 percent saturated fatty acids mainly consisted of palmitic acid (14.7 percent) and stearic acid (6.9 percent). The chemical properties of Jatropha oil including acid value, peroxide value, iodine value and saponification value were also evaluated. Jatropha seed oil was subjected to transesterification process in which the oil was reacted with methanol and sodium hydroxide was used as a catalyst to produce methyl esters. The yield of methyl esters was 80.45 percent. The preliminary physico-chemical characteristics relating to fuel properties of both methyl esters and its original oil were determined. The viscosity of methyl esters was considerably lower than that of its original oil. The characteristics of methyl esters from Jatropha oil met the standards for biodiesel suggesting its possible substitution for conventional diesel.
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