Research on nutrient effect of different botanical organic fertilizers on young pear plant [Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai] in sandy soil

中国人. 探讨植物源有机肥对沙质土壤干湿交替灌溉条件下黄金梨幼树的营养效应。以正交设计优选出5种植物源有机肥为试材，测定土壤干湿交替灌溉下盆栽黄金梨幼树根际土壤水分、养分、有机质（OM）含量、植株生长、叶片养分、净光合和蒸腾速率的变化。植物源有机肥营养效应表现：（1）显著提高土壤干湿交替灌溉下梨幼树根际土壤含水量、降低土壤失水率；（2）显著提高梨幼树根际土壤有效氮、磷、钾含量和有机质含量，平衡土壤养分关系；（3）显著增加株高、干粗度、单叶面积及单位叶面积上干物质质量；（4）显著提高叶片氮、磷、钾含量；（5）各处理和对照相比均不同程度地提高了叶片的净光合速率，调节了叶片的蒸腾速率。综合分析认为，以黄豆（T4）为材料植物源有机肥对沙质土壤保水，提高株高及叶片净光合速率（Pn）的效果最佳；以沙打旺（T5）为材料的植物源有机肥对沙质土壤养分平衡，提高叶面积及单位叶面积干物质质量效果最佳；以白三叶和紫花苜蓿（T3）为材料的植物源有机肥对沙质土壤养分含量及树体养分含量提高综合效果最佳。

英语. This paper is aimed to discuss the nutrient effect of botanical organic fertilizer on young pear plant in sandy soil under dry-wet alternate irrigation. Five kinds of plant material were selected as organic fertilizer to study the soil moisture, content of N, P, K, OM, pear plant growth, as well as leaf nutrient and photosynthesis. The result showed that : (1) The soil moisture was improved and the water loss rate was reduced remarkably. (2) The contents of N, P, K, OM in soil were increased and the soil nutrition was balanced. (3) The plant height, plant diameter, portable area, VLM and SLM were raised. (4) The contents of N, P, K in leaf were raised. (5) The photosynthesis rate was enhanced compared with the control; meanwhile the transpiration rate was impacted. Analytical results showed that botanical organic fertilizer from fermented soybean (T4) on water retention, growth and Pn was the best; botanical organic fertilizer from erect milkvetch (T5) on nutrition balance, portable area, VLM and SLM showed very good results; botanical organic fertilizer from white clover and alfalfa (T3) on soil and plant nutrients got the best result.