The effect of mineral oils concentration and time of spray on percentage of early split fruits in pistachio.
2008
Panahi, Bahman | Taj Abadi Pur, A`li | A`li Pur, Hamid | Arj Mand Kermani, Mah Dokht | A`lavi, Hossein | Esma`ilie Ranj Bar, A`li
In this research, 7 treatments of Volk® (Mineral oil) with (4, 6 and 8 %) concentrations, soy bean oil (4, 6 and 8 %) plus potassium nitrate (0.005) plus (sodium benzoate (0.001) and control (no spray) were applied in 3 times (4th February, 19th February and 5th March) with 3 replicates on 10 thirty five-year-old trees of "Akbari", separately. A randomized complete block design was used for treatments application from 2004 to 2006 for 2 years in Anar area. On harvest time, the characteristics such as yield of each tree, splitting percentage, soft hull cracking percentage, dried hull cracking percentage, soft early splitting percentage, dried early splitting percentage, B1 aflatoxin content and total aflatoxin content were measured. The ANOVA of under study characteristics revealed there were significant differences between applied treatments, time of spraying and interaction between applied treatments × time of spraying. The results revealed that Volk® (Mineral oil) 4% in compare to other treatments produced the highest amount of dried nuts and increased percentage of nut splitting. Volk® (Mineral oil) with higher concentrations (6 and 8 %) in compare to other treatments increased soft hull cracking percentage, dried hull cracking percentage, soft early splitting percentage and dried early splitting percentage, but using Volk® (Mineral oil) 4% in 1st and 2nd time of spraying caused the lowest percentage of soft and dried hull cracks. Furthermore, application of soy bean oil combination 4% in 1st time of spraying caused the lowest percentage of soft and dried early splitting. Applications of different concentrations of soy bean oil combination did not significant quantitative changes on yield similar to Volk® (Mineral oil), but were affected on qualitative characteristics. The B1 and total aflatoxin content in all experimental samples were non-detected.
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