Studies on morphological changes of stamens in male sterile lily cultivars induced by temperatures
2008
Sato, T.(Akita-ken. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center (Japan). Agricultural Experiment Station)
The Asiatic hybrid lily cultivar 'Akita Petit White' (APW) is male-sterile with antherless stamens. However, we unexpectedly observed one or two stamens with intact anthers in a few flowers on fewer than 1% of a total of 400 plants in a field trial of this cultivar in a horticultural setting, which was performed with bulbs that had been stored at -2degC for nine months. The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors that regulate the expression and reversal of the antherless phenotype in APW lilies. I grew APW plants from bulbs that had been frozen for storage under three temperature regimes in growth cabinets: under high-temperature conditions, at 32/25degC (14/10h); under moderate-temperature conditions, at 25/18degC (14/10h); and under low-temperature conditions, at 18/11degC (14/10h). All stamens had intact anthers after plants had been grown under high-temperature conditions. Under moderate-temperature conditions, the edges of all filaments of all plants examined were yellowish and swollen, resembling undeveloped anthers. Under low-temperature conditions, the antherless phenotype was stable and no stamens had intact or undeveloped anthers. The pollen from intact anthers, after growth under high-temperature conditions, produced vegetative and generative nuclei in the normal manner. The yield of viable seeds produced after pollination with these pollen grains was almost equal to those of other Asiatic hybrid lilies: 96 to 113 seeds per capsule were obtained with various hybrid combinations.
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