Research on the changes in laws and systems and citizen involvement related to park management plans in New Zealand
2009
Hayashi, M.(University of Hyogo, Awaji (Japan))
Recently, people say that in Japan, 'This is an era in which existing parks are to be used rather than new ones made. Governments, both national and local, have started making park management plans with citizen participation. I analyzed the creation of park management plans and investigated related laws and systems in New Zealand while considering the social differences. New Zealand is famous for successful conservation and improved administration of the environment as well as the active use of parks. As a result of this research, I found that improved laws, including the Resource Management Act, the Local Government Act and the Reserves Act, influenced the creation of management plans for national and local parks. For example, parks are classified and defined by their objectives, and plans are positioned as proof of promises about the rights of Maori and of the coexistence of ecological conservation ideals and cultural and historical backgrounds. Furthermore, park management plans are effective and impact plans for redevelopment in the future. These plans are also prepared by national and local governments in cooperation and partnership with citizens. I verified that, based on natural and social resources, these plans for the parks function as contracts between the government and citizens.
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