Biological Control of Tobacco Cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Steinernematid and Heterorhabditid Entomopathogenic Nematodes
2008
Kim, H.H. (National Horticultural Research Institute, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea) | Cho, S.R. (Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Service, Jinju, Republic of Korea) | Choo, H.Y. (Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea) | Lee, S.M. (Southern Forest Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute, Jinju, Republic of Korea) | Jeon, H.Y. (National Horticultural Research Institute, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea) | Lee, D.W. (Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea), E-mail: [email protected]
Five effective strains against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Steinernema carpocapsae (GSN1), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-10), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-14), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang (HbH), and Heterorhabditis sp. (GSNUH-1) were selected among 14 isolates of Korean entomopathogenic nematode in laboratory tests. LC∧50 values of above five strains against tobacco cutworm were various by different nematode strains and developmental stages of tobacco cutworm. LC∧50 value of S. carpocapsae (GSN1) was the lowest by 4.0~8.3 infective juveniles (Ijs) and 2nd instars of tobacco cutworm was most susceptible. Pathogenicity of five effective strains against tobacco cutworm depends on nematode strain, concentration, and application times. The most effective strain was determined as S. carpocapsae (GSN1). Two or three times of applications were effective regardless of nematode strain, or concentration. Efficacy of S. carpocapsae (GSN1), Steinernema (GSNUS-10), Steinernema (GSNUS-14), and Heterorhabditis (GSNUH-1) was variable depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and host variety. S. carpocapsae (GSN1) was the most effective and inoculation of 100,000 infective juveniles per ㎡ (720,000 Ijs/7.2 ㎡=1×10∨9 Ijs/ha) resulted in higher efficacy. Three times of application of nematodes led to higher control efficacy than one or two applications. Efficacy of nematodes was higher on Chinese cabbage than cabbage or kale.
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