Cytogenetical technique of investigation at porcines for prophylactic purposes
2006
Cuc, A. | Ghiuta, C.
Swine infertility may have different causes: infectious, nutritional or genetic ones. Cytogenetic studies developed worldwide in the last period, put in evidence the fact that of all genetic causes, the stucture of chromosome anomalies, especially reciprocal translocations produces serious reproduction disturbances. The number of reciprocal translocations at swine is more over than one observed at other mammal species which suggests an especial brittleness of swine chromosomes. Considering the high costs of cytogenetical analysis, the aim of this research was to establish a less expensive method for identifying carriers of chromosome anomalies for the purpose of genetic prophylaxis at swine. The genetic value was calculated by BLUP-animal model method alowing to estimate the direct effect of the boar on mate sows. In the first stage a boar grading program was tested to trace out hypoprolific animals. 75 boars (Large White, Landrace, LS-345 and Duroc breeds) were evaluated based on the reproduction activity of mate sows (2000 heads). In the second stage the boars identified as hypoprolific were analysed cytogenetically, using integral blood culture. The data obtained from this research demonstrated that, from the statistical point of view, none of the boars could be considered as hypoprolific (i.e. carrier of chromosome anomalies). In spite of this, cytogenetical analysis was performed on 3 of the boars with a lower fertility. No structural or numerical modifications of chromosomes were found. The proposed technique is less costly through reducing the number of animals to be examined cytogenetically as a result of the identification of hypoprolific animals by statistical analyses. This technique may be used in animal selection units and in artificial insemination centers for genetic prophylaxis.
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