Genetic characterization of pili (Canarium ovatum Engl.) from Albay, Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur [Philippines] through isozyme analysis

Mendioro, M.S.; Diaz, M.G.Q.; Velasco, V.M.E.; Alcaraz, M.C.; Lalamunan, R.C.; Amoloza, K.G.; Villamael, L.N., Philippines Univ. Los Baños, College, Laguna . Inst. of Biological Sciences

Genetic characterization of pili (Canarium ovatum Engl.) from Albay, Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur [Philippines] through isozyme analysis

2008

Based on esterase (EST), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), genetic variability was noted in 19 accessions of pili (Canarium ovatum Engl.) from Albay, Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur and in the 11 accessions of unknown origin. Seven presumptive loci were determined. Two presumptive loci were observed in EST (EST1 and EST2), ACP (ACP1 and ACP2) while three for ALP (ALP1, ALP2 and ALP3). Percent polymorphism was 100%. Using a similarity coefficient of 0.60, the 30 accessions were divided into 5 clusters. Accessions of different origin grouped together which would indicate that variability exists in the accessions considered. To further prove that genetic diversity exists in pili, 25 accessions collected from Oas, Albay were also subjected to isozyme analysis. Eighteen presumptive loci were determined: 3 for glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD), 2 each for EST, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), ACP, ALP and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and 1 each for glutamate oxaloacetate (GOT), phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Only ALP2, G6PD2 and G6PD3 were monomorphic. The observed heterozygosity for ACP1, ACP2, ALP1, EST1, EST2 and PGD2 was higher compared to the expected heterozygosity. Fifteen of the presumptive loci were polymorphic (83.33%). Considering a similarity coefficient of 0.70; 4 clusters were obtained although the 25 accessions were collected only from Oas, Albay. This would indicate that accessions were genetically different. Pili being dioecious is an obligate cross-pollinating crop. Genetic variability observed can be explained through recombination occurring during sexual reproduction.

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