Effect of fertility reproduction methods in crop rotation on the fertility of leached chernozem
2009
Pridvorev, N.I. | Verzilin, V.V. | Maslov, V.A. | Pichugin, A.P. | Sidyakov, E.A., The K.D. Glinka Voronezh State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation)
There were studied the influence of sets of agricultural methods on the fertility parameters of leached chernozem, agroecological status of sowings and productivity of crops. A multifactor stationary experiment was established in 1985 in the Voronezh region. The studies were conducted in 4-field crop rotations with crop succession: 1 – seeded fallow (winter rye + winter vetch) – winter wheat – sugar beet – barley; 2 – green-manured fallow (winter rye + winter vetch) – winter wheat – sugar beet – barley. After harvesting winter wheat Chinese mustard was sown in crop rotation 1 and for green manure in crop rotation 2. The total control was crop rotation 1 by applying 30 kg/ha of nitrogen and winter wheat straw. In other variants a full mineral fertilizer was applied (NPK) at doses of 100-3—kg/ha of each substance, litter manure (40 ton/ha), defecate (10 ton/ha), barley straw was plowed under. In crop rotation 1 the application of NPK including together with a defecate promoted increasing the content in the topsoil of readily decomposable organic substances and humus, improved the agrophysical properties and increased the productivity of crop rotation by 20-28%. Application of manure instead of plowing under of straw was the most effective method. In crop rotation the agrophysical parameters, as well as the content of readily decomposable organic substanceand humus were higher than in the control but in none of the variants of crop rotation 2 the yield reached the control level and was only 78-94% of it. The weed infestation of crops in crop rotation 2 was also higher.
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