[Ecological and genetic aspects of resistance to pasmo disease of common flax]
2009
Kurchiakova, L.N.
The field and vegetative experiments were hold in the Tver Region in 1980-2009 on cultivated sod-podzol soils. Biological features of the fungi Septoria linicola (Speg.) Gar. that is a pasmo disease agent are studied. It is established that pasmo development depends on weather of the 3 decade of May and the whole June. This is proved for the Central Region of Nonchernozem area of Russia. Precipitation deficiency and high air temperature in this period inhibit development of the disease. A mathematical model is worked out which allows forecasting of pasmo development on the flax at its stage of yellow ripeness. A method which allows to estimate flax hybrid material simultaneously by agronomic properties and by resistance to pasmo (RP) is developed and patented. It is recommended for estimation to sow flax in drills or rectangular, locating plants of susceptible variety by a perimeter of field. Then it is necessary to lay out flax straw infected by pasmo over the seedlings of this variety to create the infection background. The national collection of Russian flax is estimated in the number of 1565 samples. Six samples to be highly RP and 45 ones to be medium resistance are found out. The indication of RP is inherited by the way of partial domination. The varieties Crystal, Natasja, Belosnezhka and the line L-75 are found out to have dominant alleles controlling RP. The information about resistance to the main diseases of 2150 samples in the collection is included in the data base. The samples of simultaneous resistance to 2-3 diseases are fount out; they are prospect to use in breeding. A color comparator is reasonable to use for determining flax fiber quality at plant infection by pasmo.
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