[Enhancing the grain production sustainability and effectiveness [including grain food production]]
2009
Borisov, M.Yu.
The theoretical frameworks for agricultural markets, including grains, are outlined. The main trends of grain market development in Russia and its regions have been evaluated, as well as scenarios for cereal yields, production and prices have been made up. The grain processing development trends have been studied and the strategies for grain production and grain processing efficiency improvement have been suggested. Grain production plays a key role in Russian economy as 40 % of its agrifood production relates to grains. The 2006 grain share to agricultural organizations receipts accounted for 21.6 percent, whereas that to crop production profits accounted for 50.1 percent. The 2008 grain production recorded 105 mln tonnes after 1993. The most part of grain production (78.5 % in 2006) is provided by agricultural organizations. The 2000-2006 grain profitability decrease (from 56.0 down to 18.7 percent) was caused by its production cost increase by 2.2 times under low yields, varying within 1.80-1.89 t/ha. The breakeven point of sales for grain farms (the share of cereal crops is 50-75 percent) is 3567.49 roubles. Noteworthy is, that the grain exports grew constantly in 2000-2008. The principal industries, consuming grain appear to be flour, pasta, mixed feed and beer ones. Moreover, Russia's potential for bioethanol production and exports has been valued as high. Grain production is forecast to account for 128.7 mln tonnes and grain exports – 57.7 mln tonnes in 2012. In the final section, the author suggests economical, structural, technical, technological and social measures, contributing to the grain production effectiveness improvement
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