New ecologically safe technologies, machines and equipment for plant growing and animal husbandry in the northeast of Russia
2009
Sysuev, V.A., North-East Agricultural Research Inst., Kirov (Russian Federation)
In the Northeast region of Russia the size and quality of yields are highly dependent on weather conditions, threat of pollution, damage to the natural environment, and growing expenses of power inputs per unit of agricultural products. Therefore the problems of agroengineering support of agricultural complex should be solved via introduction of novel technologies, machines and equipment for mechanization of plant growing and animal husbandry with due account of the basic climatic features of the region. It was developed above 20 technologies and machines for mechanization of farming, the novelty of which is protected by more than 60 patents of the Russian Federation on inventions. A family of drills has been designed for grass seeds sowing in bands, application of which improves botanical structure of meadow and pasture herbages and improves their efficiency 2.0 to 2.5 fold. One of the promising ways of dry or damp grain fodder making, aimed at its higher feeding value, is dust-free rolling of grain. It was designed a number of machines for this technological operation, for example, two-level grain crushers. A good deal of effort has been undertaken to create the machines for effective straw processing. A chopper and distributor of rolled forage has been designed and manufactured. New machines and units for feed making are also of certain interest for farmers. For example, a fodder mill with the throughput of up to 4 tons of grain per hour and an open-type crusher with the throughput up to 1,3 t/h have been designed. A mobile machine for forage chopping, mixing and distributing, an installation for making complete feed and others, which have been developed at the institute, are quite competitive by their technical and economic characteristics with foreign prototypes.
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