Research in growth development, yield and quality of Shan tea lines in Phu Ho
2006
Nguyen Huu La
Shan tea lines in natural conditions with no pruning can develop very well, especially they can grow normally at the over 25 year age in Phu Ho (planted in 1976). The selected lines have comparatively uniform growth and development, but the most vigorous are Chat Tien and Nam Ngat Not lines that give the highest bud yield. Even at the 3 year age they can give more than 5 T/ha. At the age of 4 5 years their yield of 9 10 T/ha, and only during 8 months of the 6 year age their yield reaches more than 10 T/ha that is 2.3 times higher than the check. Compared to the highland parent Shan tea (from Ha Giang), the Shan tea lines in Phu Ho have the same contents of tanin, CHT, cafein, total sugar and total protein. The Tanin content of Shan tea varies from low level in March May to higher level in July September. Only variety TRI 777 has comparatively similar Tanin content in the analyzed periods. The CHT content is also stable. The contents of aromatic compounds are lower in Phu Ho Shan tea than those of Ha Giang Shan tea. The line Tham Ve has the highest contents of aromatic compounds. The enzymatic activities of Phu Ho Shan tea are quite high, hence being better for black tea production than the green one. Regarding the quality of black tea, the lines of Phu Ho Shan tea give higher quality with the total scores of tasting of 15.1 16.22. Their aroma and taste received the scores of higher than 4.6. The quality of 3 lines namely Chat Tien, TRI 777 and Gia Vai is high and stable. tea products from Chat Tien have beautiful appearance with black curling and snowy color; the color of tea extract is blight red with yellow margine, aromatic smell, strong taste that are specific to the highland Shan tea (scored 16.22). In addition, the Phu Ho Shan tea lines are resistant to common pests and diseases in Phu Ho, particularly Nam Ngat No 2, Chat Tien and Cu De Phung. The Phu Ho Shan tea lines are easily to propagate by cuttings with high seedling quality. Some Shan tea lines having the highest genetic similarity index are Chat Tien, Tham Ve and Nam Ngat.
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