Morphological, physiological and molecular divesity within the widely studied salt-tolerant landrace Pokkali
2009
Sabouri, A., University of Guilan, Rasht, P.O. Box 416 35-13 14 (Iran). Dept. of Crop Production and Breeding. Faculty of Agriculture | De Ocampo, M. | Vispo, N.A.G. | Sajise, A.G.C., International Rice Research Inst. DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila (Philippines) | Refuerzo, L.C. | Thomson, M. | Gregorio, G.B. | Singh, R.K., International Rice Research Inst. DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila (Philippines)
Pokkali is the most extensively used local rice landrace for salinity tolerance research. A native of Southwest Kerala, India. Pokkali is still being grown due to its excellent salinity tolerance and adaptation to saline coasts. After many generations, natural selection pressure had led to many variants within the same landrace. Since Pokkali has been used in many research programs without reference to specific accession number, the inference are potentially contradictory. To resolve this problem, 11 accessions of Pokkali available at IRRI were characterized by morphological, physiological and molecular parameters so that the use of this landrace in breeding programs and salinity studies will have a standard reference to accessions. Results of two seasons replicated yield trial showed significant variations on plant height, panicle length, and number of panicles among Pokkali accessions. Standard evaluation scores (SES) at 120 mM NaCl proved a wide spectrum of tolerance for salinity within accessions, with four accessions (Pokkali 778, Pokkali B, Pokkali 26869, and Pokkali 108921) comparable to tolerant check (IR66946-3R-178-1-1 or FL478). A significant difference was detected on K+ level concentration and Na/K within Pokkali accessions based on ANOVA results. Using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for salinity tolerance, 37 Saltol-linked SSR primers detected significant variation among the different accessions. Molecular data from UPGMA clustering anlysis identified two major groups: Cluster 1(IR29, FL478, IRGC 15388, IRGC 15661) and Cluster 2 (IRTP778, IRGC28609, Pokkali-B, IRGC8948, IRGC 108921, IRGC 19354, IRGC 15238, IRGC 15602), while one accession, IRGC 26869, deviated from the two main clusters.
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