The influence of scientific farming measures on soil bulk density | Uticaj agrotehnickih mera na zapreminsku masu zemljista

Measurement was conducted in spring, prior to fertilization and at the end of vegetation, that is, after the harvest winter barley. Standard technology, employing plows for the basic soil tillage, was used in the production of winter barley and was applied in the first, control field. The pre-cultivar was sunflower. Certain farming measures were applied upon sunflower harvesting and before soil plowing. Every experimental field was 18 m wide and 100 m long. There were seven experimental fields, in three replicates, on the headland and inner part of the parcel: the first field was the control one without any applied measures; in the second field, subsoiler was used for the basic soil tillage instead of a plow; in the third field, the plow was used but 50 t/ha of manure was spread out; in the fourth field, the plow was used and 200 kg/ha of mineral fertilizer was spread out; in the fifth field, subsoiler was used and 50 t/ha of manure was spread out; in the sixth field, subsoiler was used and 200 kg/ha of mineral fertilizer was spread out; in the seventh field, the plow was used and the soil was fertilized with microbiological fertilizer. Tractor system was designed in such a way so that tractor wheels could overlap on the parcel. Accordingly, 18 m wide field was chosen since the working area of wheat seed drill was 6 m, and working area for mineral fertilizer spreading machine and field sprayer was 18 m. The soil compaction on the headlands prior to fertilization was 9.66% higher in comparison to the inner part, while after the harvest, this difference was 17.30%. The lowest soil volume was measured on the third and fifth field, before fertilization and after the harvest. These fields were fertilized by manure, which clearly indicates that the spreading the manure is an appropriate farming measure for the reduction of soil compaction. If applied for a year, the influence of other farming measures cannot lead to significant changes in soil volume.