Gene-engineering approach to change phytosterol metabolism as a method of producing of potato plants resistant to phytosterol-dependent pests and pathogens
2008
Andreeva, E.A. | Bogomaz, D.I. | Elsukova, T.S. | Lutova, L.A., St. Petersburg State Univ. (Russian Federation)
Problem of plant disease resistance is one of the main directions in plant genetics and physiology. The special interest is a defining of plant metabolites which absence or lack stop pathogen development and propagation. Such effects were described for plant sterols, and phytosterol-dependent organisms, particularly, are potato pathogen Phytophthora infestans, Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata, potato nematodes Globodera rhizostonia, G. pallidum. It was experimentally shown that changed sterol content leads to increasing of the disease (late blight disease) resistance level for potato and tomato plants which were obtained by cell selection methods on resistance to polyene antibiotics. During last years many plant genes controlling sterol metabolism were cloned, so, more perspective is a gene-engineering method to obtain forms with changed sterol content. Method is based on changing in the level of expression of particular gene controlling some step in sterol biosynthesis as a result of gene silencing. It is necessary to produce plants characterized by the changed expression of key sterol synthesis genes and their further screening in tests with pathogens. These results will expand our knowledge of ecological chains and molecular aspects of interactions between higher plants and their pathogens, as well as will allow identifying new genes involved in control of plant resistance to phytosterol-dependent pathogens. The Results may be used for developing of the same method for other agricultural plants
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