Bioaccumulation of chemical elements by nontraditional vegetables: assessment of possibility for producing ecologically safe crops | Биоаккумуляция химических элементов нетрадиционными овощными культурами на техногенно загрязненной территории Тульской области
2009
Gorelova, S.V. | Pestsov, G.V., The L.N. Tolstoj Tula State Educational Univ. (Russian Federation) | Gins, M.S. | Kononkov, P.F., All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Vegetable Crop Selection and Seed Growing, Moscow Region (Russian Federation) | Frontas'eva, M.V. | Ermakova, E.V., Joint Inst. for Nuclear Research, Moscow Region (Russian Federation) | Lyapunov, S.M. | Gorbunov, A.V. | Okina, O.I.
The task of the study was a comparative analysis of the bioaccumulation of macro- and microelements from soils by vegetable crops nontraditional for the Nonchernozemic zone: Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus sub. sp. acantiformis (Morel) Stankev), amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.), and garden chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.) grown in technogenically contaminated regions of the Tula oblast. It was found that amaranth and garden chrysanthemum are accumulators of Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Ni. In the soils of the areas studied there was an excess of MAC with respect to As, Zn, Ni, high content of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu. Most of toxic elements are concentrated in leaves. The content of heavy metals in the leaves of Oriental radish and amaranth was 2-10 times greater than in roots and stems. This is explained by the intensity of biosynthesis process with enzymes involved. The accumulation of elements with crops depended on their species belonging, origin center and directions of biosynthesis processes. Advantages of the introduction of these crops as accumulators of heavy metals in the soils subjected to intense technogenic contamination for obtaining ecologically safe crop were shown. Coefficients of biological accumulation of elements from soils were determined; their values exceeded 1 for Mn, K, Br, Sr, and Mo
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