CLIMATE CHANGE, AGROCLIMATIC RESOURCES AND AGROCLIMATIC ZONING OF AGRICULTURE IN BULGARIA
2010
Kazandzhiev, V., National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, Sofia (Bulgaria) | Moteva, M., Institute of Melioration and Mechanization, Sofia (Bulgaria) | Georgieva, V., National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, Sofia (Bulgaria)
The goals of the paper are: to establish the dynamics, trends and spatial distribution of some climatic characteristics; to find evidences for Climate Change over the territory of Bulgaria; to investigate the stress conditions proceeding from the warming and drought processes; and to suggest an approach for zoning of the agricultural crop production on the base of the agroclimatic resources. Daily meteorological data - minimum and maximum daily air temperature, rainfalls and relative air humidity of the period 1971-2005 at 60 stations of NIMH-BAS measuring network have been processed. The hydro-thermal conditions are described by Selyaninov Hydro-thermal Coefficient SHC, the moisturizing conditions – by the Balance of Atmospheric Moisturizing BAM and the Drought Index; the water supply of winter wheat – by Crop Water Stress Index CWSI. A regression analysis and CROPWAT software have been used. The results show that the 30-year trends of the air temperature, rainfalls and BAM, the changes in the potential vegetation period reveal the act of Climate Change in our geographic region. The zoning of crop growing on the base of the agricultural resources reveals the existence of large areas of unfavorable for intensive farming conditions. Additional investments in the farming practices for the unfavorable regions are needed to mitigate the impact of Climate Change. Urgent measures including high-tech solutions in the irrigation practices would help improving crop water supply and ensuring adequate to the crop requirements growing conditions.
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