Genetic analysis on genotypes of cotton fibrils of lint and fuzz | 控制棉花长绒和短绒纤维生长发育的基因型分析

中国人. 本研究利用在纤维性状上有明显差异的4个棉花种质DP99B（毛籽棉，陆地棉）、FLS2123（裸籽棉，陆地棉）、ZYS20（光籽棉，陆地棉）以及VH8（光籽棉，海岛棉）作为棉花实验材料。利用以上4个棉花材料作为亲本组配了4个杂交组合，其组合分别为：DP99B（毛籽）×FLS123（裸籽）、DP99B（毛籽）×ZYS20（光籽）、ZYS20（光籽）×FLS123（裸籽）、DP99B（毛籽）×VH8（光籽），获得以上4种组合的F1代种子及F2代群体种子，分析F1、F2种子棉纤维性状，试图弄清控制棉花长短纤维分化和发育的基因型。根据本研究4种杂交组合其F1及F2分离表型结果，推定供试亲本材料的长绒生长发育的基因型可能为：DP99B（毛籽）的基因型为：Li; Li; 或Li; li; 及Li, Li, 或Li, li, ；ZYS20（光籽）的基因型为：Li; Li; 或Li; li; 及Li, li, 或Li, li, ；FLS2132（裸籽）的基因型为：Li; Li; Li, li, ;VH8（光籽）的基因型为Li; Li; 或Li; li; 及Li, Li, 或Li, li, 。4个组合的长绒的长度上都成较好的正态分布，认为棉花长纤维长度的发育是一种数量性状遗传。就短绒而言，在4个组合的F2代群体里的，ZYS20×FLS2132全为光籽、DP99B×VH8全为毛籽没有出现分离，DP99BxFLS2132和DP99B×ZYS20出现了分离，分析以上分离的具体情况并结合以前研究者结论，可以推断控制短绒和长绒分化和发育的基因并非同一组基因。推定出4个亲本DP99B（毛籽棉）、FLS2123（裸籽棉）、ZYS20（光籽棉）、VH8（光籽棉）控制短绒发育的几种可能的基因型。DP99B可能的基因型为：ii，SUSU，Ft1Ft1，Ft2Ft2，Ft3Ft3，FcFc；ii，SUSU，Ft1Ft1，Ft2fi2，Ft3ft3，Fcfc；VH8可能的基因型为：Ii，Susu，Ft1Ft1，Ft2Ft2，Ft3Ft3，FcFc；Ii，SUSU，Ft1Ft1，Ft2Ft2，Ft3Ft3，FcFc；ZYS20可能的基因型为：Ii，Susu，Ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3fi3，Fcfc；Ii，SUSU，Ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3f13，Fcfc；ii，Susu，ft1ft1，ft2ft2，Ft3Ft3，fcfc；FLS2132可能的基因型为：II，SuSu，ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3f13，Fcfc；Ii，Susu，ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3ft3，Fcfc。同时进一步推定出其4个组合DP99B×FLS123，DP99B×ZYS20，ZYS20×FLS123，DP99B×VH8其F1代控制短绒发育的基因型为：DP99B×VH8的F1代基因型为：ii，SUSU，Ft1Ft1，Ft2Ft2，Ft3Ft3，FcFc，以致其F1代为毛籽而且F2代短绒没有出现分离。DP99BxZYS20的F1代基因型为：ii，SUSU，Ft1ft1，Ft2f12，Ft3ft3，Fcfc或者ii，Susu，Ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3f13，Fcfc，以致其F，代为毛籽而且F2代短绒出现分离。DP99BxFLS2132的F1代基因型为：Ii，Susu，Ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3ft3，Fcfc或者Ii，SUSU，Ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3ft3，Fcfc，以致其F1代为光籽而且F2代短绒出现分离。ZSY20×FLS2132的F1代基因型为：II，SuSu，Ft1ft1，Ft2ft2，Ft3ft3，Fcfc，以致其F1代为光籽而且F2代短绒没有出现分离。根据群体中长绒的长度和短绒的密度的数据进行统计分析，得出棉花长绒的长度与短绒分布的密度间存在着相关性，即在长绒和短绒均存在的情况下，长绒的长度越长密实度越大其短绒分布的密度也越大。由此可以证实一旦有短绒由胚珠细胞分化出来后，其发育就和长绒受共同的基因控制。本研究结果认为控制棉花长绒发育的基因与控制短绒发育的基因存在明显的相互作用，控制长绒发育的基因可能对控制短绒发育的基因有一定遗传效应，在胚珠表皮细胞分化成为何种类型棉纤维后，其后控制棉纤维伸长发育的是由同一系列的基因所控制。一旦有短绒细胞被分化出来，控制长绒的基因同时调控短绒的分布及其密度。[著者文摘]

英语. In present study, the four cotton germplasms, Bollgard DP99B （full haired seed, Gossypium hirsutum L.）, ZYS20 （fuzzless seed, G. hirsutum L.）, FLS2123 （fuzzless-lintless seeds, G. hirsutum L.）, and VH8 （fuzzless seed, G. barbardense L.） were employed to be as parents for developing the geneticpopulations. We made four hybrid combinations that are DP99B×FLS 123, DP99B×ZYS20, ZYS20×FLS 123, and DP99B×VH8. In February, 2007, we harvested their F1 seeds of four combinations planted in the October of 2006, and F2 seeds harvested in the May of 2007. The fiber traits of F1 seed and F2, seed were phenotyped in order to make clear the genotypes of cotton fibrils of lint and fuzz. Based on the results of F1 fiber phenotypes and F2 fiber segregant phenotypes, it might deduct that the fibril genotypes of lint as follows： the genotype of the tested parent DP99B could be Li; Li; or Li; li; and Li, Li, or Li, li, ; as well as ZYS20 be Li; Li; or Li; li; and Li, Li, or Li, li, ; FLS2132 be li; li; li, li, ; VH8 be Li; Li; or Li; li; and Li, Li, or Li, li, . The results indicated that cotton lint length showed a good normal distributions in all tested F2 populations, which implied that the development of cotton lint might be controlled by complex quantitative trait loci. Cotton fibril of fuzz in the F2 populations derived from the two combinations DP99B×ZYS20 and DP99B×VH8 were segregated in difference although their parent DP99B is full haired seed, ZYS20 and VH8 are both fuzzless seed and their FI seed are the full haired seeds. The former combination presented segregation, the latter combination without any segregation （all of full haired seed）. Cotton fuzz of the F2 population derived from DP99B × FLS2132 showed segregations but no segregation in the F2 population of ZSY20×FLS2132 （all of fuzzless seed）. These results suggested that the genes controlling the fibril differentiation of fuzz and lint be belonged to different genomes and the fibril genotypes of fuzz be assigned to be as follows, the genotype of the tested parent DP99B could be ii,susu,Ft1Ft1,Ft2Ft2,Ft3Ft3,FcFc and ii,susu,Ft1Ft1,Ft2ft2,Ft3ft3,Fcfc, as well as VH8 be Ii,Susu,Ft1Ft1, Ft2Ft2,Ft3Ft3,FcFc and Ii,susu,Ft1Ft1,Ft2Ft2,Ft3Ft3,FcFc,ZYS20 be Ii,Susu,Ft1ft1,Ft2ft2,Ft3fi3,Fcfc, Ii,susu, Ftl ftl,Ft2ft2,Ft3 ft3,Fcfc and ii,Susu,ft 1 fil ,ft2fi2,Ft3Ft3,fcfc, FLS2132 be II,SuSu,Ft 1 fil,Ft2ft2,Ft3fi3,Fcfc and Ii, Susu,Ft 1 ft 1,Ft2ft2,Ft3fi3,Fcfc. We also deduct that the fuzz genotypes of the Fl fibrils as follows, the genotype of the F1 derived from DP99BxVH8 combination could be ii,susu,Ft1Ft1,Ft2Ft2,Ft3Ft3,FcFc, which generate full haired seed of F1 and no separation of fuzz in the F2 generation. The genotype of the F1 derived from DP99BxZYS20 combination could be ii,susu,Ft1ft1,Ft2ft2,Ft3ft3,Fcfc or ii,Susu,Ftl ftl,Ft2ft2,Ft3ft3,Fcfc, which generate full haired seed of F1 and separation of fuzz in the F2 generation. The genotype of the F1 derived from DP99B×FLS2132 combination could be Ii, Susu, Ft1ft1,Ft2ft2,Ft3ft3,Fcfc or Ii,susu,Ft1ft1,Ft2ft2,Ft3ft3,Fcfc, which generate fuzzless seed of F1 and separation of fuzz in the F2 generation. The genotype of the F1 derived from ZSY20×FLS2132 combination could be Ⅱ, SuSu,Ft 1 it 1 ,Ft2ft2,Ft3 ft3,Fcfc, which generate fuzzless seed of F1 and no separation of fuzz in the F2 generation. The results also indicated that there existed a kind of correlation between cotton fuzz density and cotton lint length. Generally, while the seed with lint and fuzz, the longer lint＇s length is, the denser lint＇s density is as well as it＇s fuzz. It is initially confirmed that the development of fuzz and lint might he synchronous and be controlled by a series of common genes after fuzz is differentiated from the ovule cell. The results further indicated that interactions obviously exists between the genes controlling the development of the lint and fuzz. The gene conferring development of lint possible affects the development of fuzz, elongation of the fibrils might be controlled by a series of genes as long as what kind of the fibrils determined from the the ovule cell. Once the fibril cell of fuzz is differentiated from the ovule cell, the gene contolling the lint development simultaneous regulates the distribution and density of the fuzz fibrils.