Effects of different breeding environments on the health and _growth performence of broilers | 不同养殖环境对肉鸡健康和生产性能的影响

中国人. 比较不同养殖环境对肉鸡健康和生产性能的影响。选用1日龄健康AA（Arbor Acres）雏鸡320只，随机分成试验组和对照组，每组4个重复，进行为期7周的饲养试验。在不同的鸡舍环境管理条件下，定期测定气载需氧菌、气载真菌和气载内毒素含量，并对鸡只生产性能和健康指标（外观和步态）进行测定，分析鸡舍环境参数与鸡只健康指标和生产性能的关系。在整个生长周期中，试验组鸡舍内的气载需氧菌和气载真菌含量分别达到（2.9~5.1）×106和（2.8~5.6）×105 CFU/m3，对照组分别为（6.6~16.0）×105和（7.7~8.3）×104 CFU/m3，生长后期（30日龄后），试验组气载需氧菌和气载真菌含量均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05)；试验组和对照组气载内毒素含量分别为(2.3~16.0)×103和（2.4~3.1）×103 EU/m3，差异不显著（P＞0.05）；肉鸡舍气载微生物和内毒素含量对肉鸡的生产性能、胴体性状及外观和步态均有一定影响，气载微生物和内毒素含量较低的肉鸡舍，可显著提高肉鸡的平均日增质量、全净膛率（P＜0.05)，极显著提高屠宰质量和胸肌率（P＜0.01)，改善外观和步态（P＜0.05)。不同养殖环境对肉鸡的生长、健康具有很大影响，空气中微生物含量较低的养殖环境，有助于肉鸡健康和生产性能的提高。

英语. The comparative study was done to obtain the effects of different breeding environments on the health and productivity of broilers. 320 AA 1-day-old broilers were randomly allocated into experimental group and control group for seven weeks’trial, each group with four replicates of fourty chickens. In the different air environment management procedures, firstly we regularly determined the content of airborne aerobic bacteria, airborne fungi, airbone endotoxin, then evaluated productivity and health indicators such as appearance of gait, and finally analyzed the relationship between environmental parameter and health and productivity. Throughout the growth cycle, the content of airborne aerobic bacteria, airborne fungi in test group reached（2.9C5.1）×106 CFU/m3 and（2.8C5.6）×105 CFU/m3, respectively, the content of that in control group was up to （6.6C16.0）×105 CFU/m3 and（7.7C8.3）×104CFU/m3, respectively. In the later growth period (30 old days later), the content of airborne aerobic bacteria and airborne fungi in test group were significantly higher than that in the control group（P＜0.05); The content of airborne endotoxin in test group and control group was (2.3C16.0)×103 EU/m3 and（2.4-3.1）×103 EU/m3, respectively. There was no significant difference between them（P＞0.05）. The content of airboren microorganism had an effect on average daily gain, appearance and gait and carcass trait to some degree. Lower concentration of microorganism in poultry housing can significantly increase average daily gain（P＜0.05), whole net carcass rate（P＜0.05) and extremely remarkably improve slaughter weight and breast muscle rate（P＜0.01) and appearance and gait（P＜0.05). Different breeding environments have-great effects on growth health of broilers, and breeding environment with lower airborne content of microorganism can contribute to the improvement of health and growth performence of broilers.