Distribution and population of the overwintering anatidae waterfowl in the Poyang Lake | 鄱阳湖区域越冬雁鸭类分布与数量

中国人. 为掌握鄱阳湖区域雁鸭类水鸟资源状况，从1998年冬季开始，采用同步调查计数法在鄱阳湖区域进行了9次雁鸭类水鸟调查。结果表明：共调查记录到雁鸭类7属26种，其中国家重点保护动物4种，包括国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物1种[中华秋沙鸭（Mergus squamatus）]和国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物3种[小天鹅（Cygnus columbianus）、白额雁（Anser albifrons）和红胸黑雁（Branta rufwollis）]。鄱阳湖雁鸭类水鸟数量大，9年来鄱阳湖雁鸭类水鸟数量均在10万只以上，近3年均达到35．7万只以上。其中小天鹅每年达1．1万只以上，2005年冬季数量达到11．2万只；鸿雁每年达1．8万只，小白额雁在2006冬季数量达到6000只；从2005年以来，青头潜鸭的数量一直在增加；花脸鸭在2007年最多，达到480只，主要分布在林充湖、新妙湖和矶山湖；红胸黑雁和中华秋沙鸭在鄱阳湖区域也有零星记录。可见，鄱阳湖在雁鸭类水鸟资源保护中具有重要地位，应加强保护。[著者文摘]

英语. Since the beginning of winter in 1998, nine surveys of the waterfowl of Anatidae in the Poyang Lake region have been conducted, using the synehronous eounting investigation. The investigation results showed that there were 26 species of the waterfowl of Anatidae, belonging to 7 orders, of which 1 species （Mergus squamatus） belong to grade Ⅰ key state -protected species and 3 species （Cygnus columbianus ,Anser albifrons and Branta ruficollis） belong to grade Ⅱ key state - protected speeies. A large number of the Anatidae waterfowl were distributed in the Poyang Lake region, which were more than 100 000 from winter 1998 to 2007. Over the past three years, the number of Anatidae waterfowl was more than 357 000. The number of Cygnus eolumbianus was more than 11 000 in every year,and 112 000 Cygnus columbianus in winter of 2005. The number of Anser cygnoides was more than 18 000 in every year, and 6 000 Anser erythropus in winter of 2006, which were distributed mainly in Zao Lake, Xieshan Lake, Huali Lake,Shu Lake, Fang Lake, Saicheng Lake, Zhouxi Lake and Nanjiang Lake. Since 2005 ,the number of Aythya baeri has been increased, distribu- ted mainly in Ni Lake, Dalianzi Lake, Zhu Lake, Chang Lake, Chi Lake, Saicheng Lake, Dong Lake and Qinglan Lake. The number of Arias formosa was 480 in 2008, distributed mainly in Feng Lake, Dalianzi Lake, Saicheng Lake, Shu Lake, Xinmiao Lake and Jishan Lake. Branta ruficollis and Mergus squamatus were also recorded sporadically in the Poyang Lake region. Poyang Lake occupies an important position in the protection of Anatidae waterfowl resources and should be well protected.