Application of biotechnology to construct a sustainable biodiesel production system from microalgae_ | 应用生物技术构建可持续微藻生物质能源生产体系

中国人. 提出了“废水、废气-水华微藻（自养藻类）-高油工程微藻（异养藻类）-生物柴油”可持续型微藻生物质能源生产体系的构建设想。首先以市政废水、废气CO2为基质大量生产水华微藻，在收获大量价廉的水华微藻细胞的同时实现市政废水中N、P的有效去除和温室气体减排；然后将先进的发酵工程技术和微藻育种工程技术集成配套以实现高油工程微藻的高密度异养培养，即通过生物育种工程技术获得适应性强的异养高油工程微藻，使其能够以水华微藻细胞的降解产物为底物，在可控条件下实现快速繁殖、合成并富集油脂，最终成为生物柴油生产的丰富原料。该体系可实现CO2固定、市政废水净化和微藻高附加值生物柴油的生产。

英语. In this paper, an idea for constructing a sustainable biodiesel production system of “wastewater and polluted air-Shuihua microalgae-high-oil content engineering microalgae-biodiesel from microalgae” was assumed. Firstly, municipal wastewater was uesed as the cultivation media and CO2 as gaseous fertilizer for mass culture of Shuihua microalgae. With the harvest of large quantities of low-price Shuihua microalgae, the N, P nutrients were removed from the wastewater, and the greenhouse gas was reduced emission. Secondly, tried to breed a high-oil content engineering microalgae by heterotrophic cultivation which could realize high-density through the conjunction of the advanced methods of fermentation engineering with the microalgae breeding technology. Meanwhile, the high-oil content engineering microalgae was cultivated on the decomposed Shuihua microalgae biomass under the control conditions of fermentation, which could make the high-oil content engineering microalgae grow rapidly in the initial stage and start lipid accumulation when nitrogen was consumed. The system could realize CO2 fixation, decontamination of municipal wastewater, and production of high value-added biodiesel by microalgae._