Evaluation of Cleome ciliata (Capparaceae) ethanolic extract as protectant against maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
2010
Oyegoke, O.O.,Ladoke Akintola Univ. of Technology, Ogbomoso (Nigeria). Dept. of Pure and Applied Biology | Babarinde, S.A.,Ladoke Akintola Univ. of Technology, Ogbomoso (Nigeria). Dept. of Agronomy | Agboola, A.R.,Ladoke Akintola Univ. of Technology, Ogbomoso (Nigeria). Dept. of Pure and Applied Biology
The biological activity of ethanolic extract of Cleome ciliata leaves was evaluated in the laboratory (70+/-5% relative humidity and 28+/-2 deg C temperature). C. ciliata caused significant mortality at 6-10% (v/w) when compared with the control. Mortality was dose- and exposure period-dependent except for a treatment of 6% when mortality at 1 and 3 days after treatment (DAT) was 45%. At 3-5% (v/w) number of F1 adult was significantly lower than the two control treatments. At 5% (v/w) C. ciliata prevented weight loss. The control without ethanol had 6.51 g weight loss (out of 20 g initial weight) which was significantly higher than weight loss (1.76 g) observed in grain treated with 3% C. ciliata extract. Although S. zeamais adults were not significantly repelled by C. ciliata, percentage repellency was dose-dependent with 40% repellency recorded in 0.3 mL/30 square cm while the control had 13.33% repellency. The result indicates that C. ciliata can be effectively used to control S. zeamais in stored maize but not prevent immigrant population.
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