Efficient utilization of limited available water in wheat through proper irrigation scheduling and integrated nutrient management under different cropping systems in vertisol
2009
Bandyopadhyay, K.K. | Ghosh, P.K. | Haiti, K.M. | Misra, A.K.
Limited availability of irrigation water is one of the major constraints for higher productivity of wheat in Vertisols of central Thdia. There is a need for efficient utilization of the limited water through improving the water use efficiency of wheat. A field experiment was :undertaken to study root growth, yield and water use efficiency of wheat grown on a deep Vertisol under soybean-wheat, soybean+sorghum-wheat and sorghum¬wheat cropping systems with two irrigation schedules i.e. 0.8 and 0.6 IW/CPE and six different nutrient management strategies. The results showed that yield and water use efficiency of wheat under soybean¬wheat and soybean+sorghum-wheat system were more than the sorghum-wheat system because of better root growth and higher soil water extraction in the former cropping systems. The root length density of wheat was significantly correlated with the soil water extraction (R2 = 0.32*), grain yield (R2 = 0.84**) and water use efficiency (R2 = 0.79**) of wheat. Irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE significantly improved the soil water extraction, root length density and grain yield of wheat over irrigation at 0.6 IW/CPE. Integrated use of 75% NPK and farmyard manure @ 5 Mg ha-1 or poultry manure @ 1.5 Mg ha-1 or phosphocompost @ 5 Mg ha-1 to rainy season crops and 75% NPK to wheat significantly improved the root length density, yield and water use efficiency of wheat over application of 100% NPK to both the crops leading to a saving of 25% fertilizer NPK in both the seasons.
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