Chemical Component of Red Onion (Allium cepa L.) according to Cultivars and Growing Areas
2010
Moon, J.S., Onion Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services, Changnyeong, Republic of Korea | Kim, H.D., Onion Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services, Changnyeong, Republic of Korea | Ha, I.J., Onion Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services, Changnyeong, Republic of Korea | Lee, S.Y., Onion Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services, Changnyeong, Republic of Korea | Lee, J.T., Onion Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services, Changnyeong, Republic of Korea | Lee, S.D., Onion Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services, Changnyeong, Republic of Korea
The objective of this study was to improve the breeding efficiency and consumption of red onion by analysis of chemical components. The red cultivar SnP5294 (52.9 mgㆍg-¹ F.W.) resulted in the highest sugar content, and sweetness whereas 'Redprime' had the lowest. For the pyruvic acid content the cultivar 'Redsun' showed the highest value, followed by 'Sunpower' (yellow onion) and SnP7270. Breeding lines had higher sugar content and sweetness than 'Redprime' and 'Sunpower', while they had less pyruvic acid value than 'Redsun' and 'Sunpower'. The the same trend was verified for the total phenol and total flavonoid, of which breeding lines were found to have more content than 'Redprime' or 'Sunpower'. Three major flavonoids, rutin (quercetin glycoside), myricetin, and quercetin, were identified and quantified whereas kaempferol was not detected in all cultivars. Rutin was the major flavonoid present in all cultivars (136.9 to 169.9 ㎍ㆍg-¹ F.W.), followed by quercetin (62.5 to 135.7 ㎍ㆍg-¹ F.W.). Relatively smaller amount of myricetin (11.2 to 16.1 ㎍ㆍg-¹ F.W.) was also detected. Among nine cultivars, 'Redsun' exhibited significantly (p less than 0.05) higher content of quercetin and rutin (135.7 and 169.9 ㎍ㆍg-¹ F.W., respectively), and SnP5296 had the highest content of myricetin(16.1 ㎍ㆍg-¹ F.W.). Breeding lines had more quercetin, rutin and myricetin contents than the cultivars 'Redprime' and 'Sunpower'. Hampyeong had the highest content for total phenol and total flavonoid, followed by Andong and Changyeong whereas Changyeong had the highest value for rutin, myricetin and quercetin followed by Hampyeong and Andong. Among red onion cultivars, 'Redsun' showed the highest value for anthocyanin, followed by SnP5295 and SnP5296, which the cultivar 'Redprime' had significantly (p less than 0.05) lower content(35.5 mg%).
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