Effects of dietary fatty acids on early bone mineralization and bone formation of the axial skeleton of Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758)
2010
Scolamacchia, M.
Fish deformities are one of the principal bottlenecks for the expansion of the aquaculture sector. Nutrition has been indicated as one of the principal factors that may affect larval quality up to the final product quality. In this experimental work staining protocols for bone and cartilage and osteological development of sea bream larvae were carried out. In a second phase, the effect of different levels of DHA and vitamin E in rotifers were evaluated on the biological performances, the occurrence of skeletal deformities and on the mineralization process on the same species. Double staining of bone and cartilage resulted potentially harmful for the visualization of the vertebral bodies of sea bream larvae even though it seems to affect less cranial structures. Ossification pattern of larvae bred in a mesocosm system resulted comparable to that reported in literature for this and other Sparids species. In all specimens, since low SL, haemal and pre-haemal vertebrae constituted the majority of the vertebral column, even though, as the specimen grow, cranial and caudal vertebrae account for an increased percentage of the column. Feeding sea bream larvae with rotifers with different content of DHA vitamin E did not affect overall of after stress survival or growth even though low levels of DHA presented larvae with lower dry weight. Rotifers’ fatty acids composition was reflected in larvae up to 15 dah while no significant correlation was found thereafter. High percentages of DHA in rotifers induced a higher percentage of skeletal deformities (10 per cent) in particular regarding the jaw region, while DM and DME groups showed higher percentages of haemal and neural spines defects. Low levels of DHA presented higher presence of khyphosis. This last group also showed delay in axial skeleton mineralization in opposition to larvae fed high levels of DHA supplemented with vitamin E
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