Nitrate removal from water by biological denitrification | Uklanjanje nitrata iz vode biološkom denitrifikacijom
2010
Rajaković-Ognjanović, V., Građevinski fakultet, Beograd (Serbia) | Ljubisavljević, D., Građevinski fakultet, Beograd (Serbia)
In this paper possibility for the use of biological denitrification for removal of nitrate from drinking water has been discussed. Ground water pollution by nitrate from routine agricultural practices is a common and growing problem in the major agricultural areas of the world. The concentration of nitrates in these areas may exceed the maximal limited value for drinking water regulations (MLV for nitrates 50 mg/L). Nitrate removal has been successfully achieved with the use of several processes: ion exchange processes, reverse osmosis combined with membrane technology and extraction combined with electrodialysis. All the mentioned processes have been effectively applied and implemented on the treatment plants. The mutual disadvantage of all the applied processes is the production of waste which requires additional treatment before final disposal. Biodenitrification is a promising alternative technique for the removal of nitrate from drinking waters. The major advantages of biological denitrification are its simplicity, low-cost and complete removal of nitrate without waste production, since the final product of the process is nitrogen. The majority of biodenitrification relies on heterotrophic bacteria that require an organic carbon source and anoxic conditions for the first stage of process. Since the drinking water has low carbon content an additional carbon source is required. Carbon source can be an external reservoir of methanol, ethanol, organic acid or hydrogen. The process of biological denitrification is typical for waste water treatment but some analysis and studies show that it is possible to apply this process for nitrate removal from drinking water.
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