Effect of fertilization and liming on soil fertility
2009
Kádár, I., Research Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Budapest (Hungary) | Koncz, J., Research Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Budapest (Hungary) | Kastori, R., Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Sekulić, P., Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia)
The surplus of the NPK balances of Hungarian agriculture, appearing in the nutrient balance-sheet is a consequence of intensive fertilization in the past. Hungary had positive P-balance between 1960-1990 for 30 years, and positive NK-balance between 1970-1990 for 20 years during the 20th century. Liming and fertilization are the main soil fertility considerations for acid sandy soils. These soils are often poor in all major nutrients. Mineral fertilizers, mainly NH4NO3, acidify soil, the pH values sink in comparison to the unfertilized plot. Liming and use of dolomite powder can counterbalance the acidification. Studying the long-term effects of superphosphate in field experiment on a calcareous chernozem soil, it could be demonstrated that the 'half life time' of residual P was 5-7 years. The trial, i.e. P-aftereffect lasted for 20 years. Composite soil and plant samples assessed by cc.HNO3+cc.H2O2 extraction the total content of Zn was rounded 2 times, Pb 5-times, Co 12-times, Mg 27 times, Cr 29 times and Ni 71 times higher in the Fruska Gora (Serbia) soil samples than in the plowlayer of a calcareous chernozem soil. The crops grown on this site adapted to the extreme high metal content and show no toxicity symptoms.
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