Studies on hemorrhagic disease in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in UAE [United Arab Emirates]
2011
Al-Juboori, A., Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates). Development Sector, Research and Development Division | Kurian, J., Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates). Animal Wealth Sector | Ahmad, N., Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates). Animal Wealth Sector | Iqbal, J., Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates). Animal Wealth Sector | Nasir, K., Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates). Animal Wealth Sector
This study was conducted to describe and report for the first time the incidence of hemorrhagic disease (HD) in camel herds (Camelus dromedarius) in UAE. HD is the most important disease of camels prevalent in United Arab Emirates. Out of 744 camel herds (5956 camels) examined during this study, the incidence of HD on herd basis was found to be 18.01% while on animal basis 2.52%. The incidence of HD in relation to age was highest in the age group between 2-3 years (38.67%). racing camels were more susceptible to HD than dairy camels. Environmental stress along with stress of weaning, exercise and racing in hot and humid summer months, sudden change of feed and feeding of high carbohydrate diets where the predisposing factors of this disease. Clostridium perfringens was the most important frequent organism involved in the causation of HD in camels, followed by E. coli, Pseudomonas aerogenosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. Clinically, the disease was characterized by sudden onset off feed, depressed, high fever (40-41 C) and congestion of the visible mucous membranes. There was abdominal pain with or without vomiting and severe ruminal. Lateral recumbency, convulsions, opisthotonus and coma were the common findings in the late stage of HD. In most cases bleeding at the site of injection or insect bite was noticed. Death usually occurs within 2-4 days of the onset illness. A marked feature of the hematological changes in camels infected with HD were sharply decreased in the WBC (leucopenia), rise in neutrophils (neutrophilia), marked decrease in iron level and massive increase in CK, AST, LDH, GGT, BUN and Creatinine. Most severe lesions confined with gstrointestinal tract i.e. pharynx, abomasum, intestine and even some times with renal pelvis.
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