Stationary experience in rotations is 30 years old: what is developed for science and practice? | Стационарному опыту по севооборотам 30 лет: что разработано для науки и практики
2011
Nikonchik, P.I. | Usenya, A.A. | Skirukha, A.Ch. | Gribanov, L.N. | Tupik, S.I., National Academy of Sciences (Belarus). Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming
In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were presented results of a 30-year stationary experiment on sod-podzolic light loamy soil on studying various types and kinds of crop rotations for agricultural farms with different specialization using different systems and levels of fertilizer application. All in all there were analyzed 20 schemes of field and fodder crop rotations. As a result of 30-year studies there were realized several core developments having significant scientific and practical importance for arable farming of Belarus. It was proved that increasing of fertilizer level, increasing of degree of continuous soil cultivation and application of full plant chemical protection did not lower the role of crop rotation in increasing crop yields, soil fertility and soil fertility recovery. There was substantiated the possibility of specialization of crop rotations in the conditions of arable farming intensification. There were developed intensive resource-saving crop rotations which specialized on milk, beef and pork production. There was given an evaluation of fodder and cereal crops by their productivity, economic and energy efficiency. There was given an evaluation of preceding crops in crop rotations. There was developed a structure of arable areas for farms specializing on milk, beef and pork production. There was given an agronomic and economic evaluation and substantiated application of preceding crops in crop rotations. There was studied the influence of different types of crop rotations on soil fertility.
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