Desinfection with aerated steam, a solution for organic seeds of aromatic and medical plants? | Désinfection à la vapeur aérée, uns solution pour les semences biologiques de plantes aromatiques et médicales?
2012
Sigg, S. | Simonnet, X., Mediplant, Centre de recherche Conthey, Conthey (Switzerland) | Heller, W. | Carlen, Ch.
There is currently no disinfection method for organic seeds of aromatic and medicinal plants. From 2009 to 2011, Mediplant tested the disinfection with aerated steam (DAS) on seeds of common mallow (Malva sylvestris L.), marsh mallow (Althaea officinalis L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and burnet saxifrage (Pimpinella peregrina L.). The DAS showed a partial efficacy on various pathogens on the seeds of common and marsh mallow. The best disinfection was achieved at 68 °C for 120 seconds. The DAS significantly improved the germination rate. The breaking of dormancy, and thus an improved germination rate could also be achieved by exposing the seeds to 68 °C during two to five minutes without steam. For the thyme and burnet saxifrage, the efficiency of the DAS could not be tested because the disease pressure was too low. Furthermore, the germination rate of the seeds of these two species was negatively affected by the DAS by treatments with longer duration and higher temperatures: for thyme seeds, when the treatment exceeded 60 seconds at 68 °C, and in any case for burnet saxifrage seeds. The drying of the seeds at 37 °C after DAS treatment is recommended to avoid the risk of too early germination immediately after the disinfection.
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