Evaluation and selection of tolerant genotypes of wheat under salinity

Salt stress is one of the most limiting factors in wheat production in Iran. Existence of moderate-salty water and soil in the temperate regions of Iran along with fitness of wheat climatic demand to these regions made it essential to produce to1ernt varieties which are able to produce proper yield in the salt affected-regions. In order to assessment and selection of salt tolerant bread wheat genotypes under salt stress, 21 of inbred lines driven from hybridization programs and selected from the experiments conducted through years 78-79, along with 3 cultivars as local controls (Kavir, Marvdasht, and Roshan) through complete block design with 3 replications and in 3 locations (Yazd, Esfehan, and Nishabour) and in 2 years (1 379-81) were studied under saline water and soil. The results showed that there was a proper variation among selected lines for salt tolerance, so that there was a significant difference at confident level 1%. Interaction of year and location and of genotype and location were significant whereas there were not significant changes between experimental years. Our results for comparison of mean of seed yield, mean of yield rank, standard deviation of yield grade, yield index ration showed that there is a proper distribution in the genotypes than the control varieties. Doubled-haploid line DH4- 209 with 4.856 and line 1-66-22 with 4.894 ton per ha had the highest seed yield and good stability in comparison with Kavir, Roshan, and Marvdasht. Assessment of 1000 seed weight and plant height showed that planting area did not have a significant effect on the 1000 seed weight. In the contrast, plant height was depending on planting area so that the highest degree of plant height obtained in Nishabour. Lines DH4-209 and 1-63- 31/3/12300 had the highest amount of yield index ratio that was 118 and 110, respectively and regression constants for those were at the highest level. These two lines (1-63-31/3/... and Dl-14-209) had mean of 1000 seed weight 38 and 35 g and mean of plant height 69 and 86 Cm, respectively. Our results revealed that yield of these lines had the lowest oscillation in years and different locations. Therefore, it seems that the two lines may be introduced as the best candidates for cultivation in saline soils located in temperate region. Keywords: Bread wheat, Salt stress, Yield and yield components, Yield stability.