Improving the methods of meristem culture and thermotherapy to obtain virus free mother plants in peach.
2010
Nankali, Ashraf | Kuhi Habibi, Mina | Salehi, Zeynab | Hamzeh, Nahid | Ne`mat Zadeh, Faramarz | Ghazanfari, Keyvan
Because of high sensitively of peach (Prunus persica L.) trees to infected by diseases especially virus and virus- like diseases, this study was conducted to optimize the methods of producing healthy peach mother plants for five years. Orchards inspection and random collection of leaf and young shoot samples were carried out from different regions (Qazvin, Damavand, Kamal-Abad) and new imported peach cultivars in two months(June and October) during 2006-2007. Detection of main viruses (PDV, PNRSV, ApMV, ACLSV and PPV) were done by DAS-ELISA test and indexing on herbal indicators in pathology laboratory of Pardis Karaj Faculty. The results showed traditional peach orchards in Qazvin and Kamal-abad peach collection were infected at least by one or two viruses. PNRSV and ACLSV were most common viruses in these regions but there was no evidence of PPV infection. The best surface sterilization was found by using ethanol 70% in (30s) and HgCl20.1% (5m). Also the best medium for meristem culture was determined by using Modified MS media containing 0.6 mg/l BAP, 0.01 mg/l NAA (induction phase), 0.6 mg/l BAP (multiplication phase) and 2 mg/l IBA with 15 g sucrose (rooting phase) during the first years. Sanitation of infected material to obtain healthy material was done under in vitro condition for 2 weeks heat treatment in 37 ±1 after meristem culturing. The virus tested plants after passing acclimatization stage, were transferred to a mother orchard in Kamal- Abad Research Station for further studying. Data of thermotherapy and media selection were analyzed by SAS software and Duncan's mean comparison.
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