Cereal grain as alternative fuel in Latvia
2012
Jansone, I., State Stende Inst. of Cereal Breeding, Dizstende, Talsu reg. (Latvia) | Gaile, Z., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Agrobiotechnology
Thermal energy is one of the most important energy types in Latvia. Thermal energy is acquired from coal, gas, wood as well as plant biomass – straw, grass, grain. Low quality grain which is not suitable for the use in either food or feed production could be used for heating. Technologically, the grain is suitable for the heating systems with automatic fuel feed. During the field trial that took place in State Stende Cereals Breeding Institute in years 2009/2010 and 2010/2011, the possibility of using grain of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.) and triticale (Triticosecale Wittm) in heating was examined. The content of C, O, and H of the grain was determined as well as the content of fibre, ash, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium. The grain yield was determined at the humidity of 14%. The higher heating value of grain (kJ kgE-1) was also determined, whereas while the lower heating value was calculated. Out of all the examined species of winter cereals the winter wheat was the most suitable for heating, taking into account its grain yield, heating values and ash content. Having examined the chemical composition of the dry matter of winter cereal grain, it was determined that it has a higher amount of phosphorus and potassium than the wood as mentioned in relevant scientific sources. These chemical elements negatively affect the ash melting temperature due to which the slag is formed in the heating boilers.
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